Tek Bacak Çalışarak Diğer Bacak Kuvveti Arttırılabilir Mi?

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Araştırma İncelemeleri Fitness

Tek Bacak Çalışarak Diğer Bacak Kuvveti Arttırılabilir Mi?

Sadece sağ bacağı çalıştırarak sol bacakta da kuvvet artışı sağlanabilir mi? Veyahut sol kolun esnetilmesiyle sağ kolda da esneklik artışı görülebilir mi? Bunun mümkün olduğunu 1900’lü yılların başından beri biliyoruz. Gelin bu etkinin ne olduğunu yakından inceleyelim.⠀

KONTRALATERAL ETKİ NEDİR?⠀

Kontralateral etki vücudun bir tarafını antrene etmenin, vücudun diğer tarafındaki kasların bundan etkilendiği olgusu olarak bilinir. Genel olarak yaralanma yaşamış kişilerin kullanamadıkları uzuvlarının kuvvetlerinde az da olsa bir artış yaşamak için ortaya atılan bu yöntem günümüzde farklı amaçlarla da kullanılmaya başlanmıştır.⠀

KONTRALATERAL TRANSFERİN DOĞUŞU⠀

1894’te yapılan bir araştırmada Emily Brown sağ eliyle olabildiğince kuvvetli bir şekilde bir lastik balonu 10 kez sıktı. Devamındaki 13 gün boyunca devam ettirdiği bu eylemin sonunda sağ elini çalıştırmasına rağmen sol elinin kuvvetinde %43’lük bir artış yaşadı. Bu rapor kontralateral transferin ilk bulgusuydu (1).⠀

KULLANIM ALANLARI⠀

Kontralateral etkinin yaralanma yaşamış kişilerin kullanamadıkları uzuvlarındaki kuvveti arttırmak için kullanıldığı bilinmektedir (2). Lepley’in araştırmasında, 18 kişi üzerinde quadriceps kasına yaptırılan eksantrik egzersizin (hareketin negatifi) egzersiz yaptırılmayan uzuvda kazanımlar sağladığı görülmüştür (4).⠀

Ancak sadece kuvvet veya hipertrofi artışı ile ilgili değil, ayağın altında gezdirilecek bir tenis topu uygulamasının da, uygulanmayan bacakta esneklik artışı sağlayarak transfer etkisinin esneklik üzerinde de olduğu görülmüştür (3).⠀

SONUÇ

Kontralateral transferin çok eski yıllardan beri antrenman yaptırılmayan uzuvda kuvvet, kas hipertrofisi, esneklik gibi unsurlarda artışa neden olduğu bilinmektedir.⠀

Genel olarak hareketin negatifinin kullanıldığı eksantrik antrenmanlarda bu transfer etkisinin daha fazla olduğu söylenmektedir.⠀

Ancak her ne kadar transfer etkisi çalıştırılmayan uzva geçse de bu transfer etkisi çok yüksek seviyelerde değildir. Bu nedenle uzun süreli tek uzvun çalıştırıldığı antrenmanlar kassal dengesizliklere yol açabilir, bu nedenle kısa süre için kullanımı önerilmektedir.

KAYNAKLAR

  • (1) Scripture, E. W., Smith, T. L., & Brown, E. M. (1894). On the education of muscular control and power. Stud Yale Psychol Lab, 2(5).⠀
  • (2) Hendy, A. M., Spittle, M., & Kidgell, D. J. (2012). Cross education and immobilisation: mechanisms and implications for injury rehabilitation. Journal of science and medicine in sport, 15(2), 94-101.⠀
  • (3) Grieve, R., Goodwin, F., Alfaki, M., Bourton, A. J., Jeffries, C., & Scott, H. (2015). The immediate effect of bilateral self myofascial release on the plantar surface of the feet on hamstring and lumbar spine flexibility: a pilot randomised controlled trial. Journal of bodywork and movement therapies, 19(3), 544-552.⠀
  • (4) Lepley, L. K., & Palmieri-Smith, R. M. (2014). Cross-education strength and activation after eccentric exercise. Journal of athletic training, 49(5), 582-589.

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